• Rendered expert opinion on Venezuelan law, required by ARNOLD & PORTER LLP, representing the BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA in an international arbitration process brought by VANESA VENTURES LTD (ICSID Case N° ARB (AF) 04/06). The case was favorably resolved via an arbitration award on January 16, 2013 in favor of the BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA;

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• Provided legal advisory and support to WOOD GROUP ENGINEERING LIMITED (NORTH SEA) LIMITED, as a part of CONSORCIO SIMCO’s commercial arbitration case before the ICC against PETRÓLEOS DE VENEZUELA, S. A. (PDVSA). The commercial arbitration case began shortly after the nationalization of assets owned by WOOD GROUP via the law nationalizing assets and services related to the primary activities in the hydrocarbon space, known in Spanish as LEY QUE RESERVA AL ESTADO BIENES Y SERVICIOS CONEXOS A LAS ACTIVIDADES PRIMARIAS DE HIDROCARBUROS (G. O. N° 39.173, May 7, 2009). The arbitration case was resolved by a settlement agreement signed by both parties;

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• Directed the Venezuelan legal team, in coordination with FRESHFIELDS BRUCKHAUS DERINGER LLP, in an investment arbitration case brought by CRYSTALLEX INTERNACIONAL CORPORATION against the BOLIVARIANA REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA in the ICSID (ICSID Case N° ARB (AF) /11/2). The investment arbitration case was resolved by an arbitration award issued on April 4, 2016 in favor of CRYSTALLEX;

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• Provided Legal advisory and support to OWENS ILLINOIS EUROPEAN GROUP, B. V. (OIEG) in an international investment arbitration case brought against the BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA in the ICSID (ICSID Case N° ARB/11/25). The case was resolved via an arbitration award in favor of OIEG dated March 10, 2015.

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• Directed the Venezuelan legal team, in coordination with GIBSON DUNN & CRUTCHER LLP, during the execution of an international arbitration award issued by the ICSID in favor of CRYSTALLEX INTERNACIONAL CORPORATION and against the BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA (ICSID Case N° ARB (AF) /11/2);

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• Directing the Venezuelan legal team, in coordination with FRESHFIELDS BRUCKHAUS DERINGER LLP, in an investment arbitration case brought before the ICC by INVERSIONES POLAR, S. A. against PETROQUÍMICA DE VENEZUELA, S. A. (PEQUIVEN), the case was resolved via an arbitration award in favor of INVERSIONES POLAR, S.A. dated January 17, 2025;

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• Represented several companies participating in hostile takeover processes before the VENEZUELAN SECURITIES AND EXCHANGES COMMISSION (SEC) (known in Spanish as the COMISIÓN NACIONAL DE VALORES-CNV) and during appeals of annulment processes in the relevant courts, challenging the commission’s decisions (AES vs. ELECTRICIDAD DE CARACAS / VERIZON, TELEFÓNICA, AES, ET AL Vs. COMPAÑÍA ANÓNIMA NACIONAL TELÉFONOS DE VENEZUELA-CANTV);

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• Provided legal advisory and support to GRUPO PASCUAL ANDINA in association with GRUPO PASCUAL (SPAIN) in various stages of the construction and operation of a long-duration pasteurized yogurt plant. This included the approval of a new food safety and health category for this specific product: MIGURT, a long-duration pasteurized yogurt;

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• Represented EMPRESAS POLAR in several public law proceedings and investigations in antitrust matters before the VENEZUELAN FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION (known in Spanish as the SUPERINTENDENCIA ANTIMONOPOLIO -SAM-) (Resolution Nº SPPLC/0009-2000 de 21/02/00 (Case: PANAMCO-COCA COLA y SOPRESA-PEPSI COLA); Resolution Nº SPPLC/008, de 19/02/01 (Case: SOPRESA vs. COCA-COLA / Hit-Golpín); Resolution Nº SPPLC/0034, de 18/06/01 (Case: EMPRESAS POLAR, VENEZUELAN BASEBALL PROFESSIONAL LEAGUE AND TEAMS / Sprot Sponsor); Resolution Nº SPPLC/004-2002, de 01/02/02 (Case: REGIONAL Vs. POLAR / Bottles); Resolution: Nº SPPLC/0025-2003, de 29/10/03 (Case: POLAR VS. REGIONAL / false and denigratory advertising); Resolution SA/0002-2023, de 27/04/23 (Caso: SERENOS LOS ANDES Vs. PEPSI-COLA VENEZUELA ET AL);

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• Providing legal advisory and support to ALIMENTOS POLAR EUROPA  and ALIMENTOS POLAR ESPAÑA, regarding several projects in different jurisdictions in the EU;

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• Provided legal advisory and support in association with CUATRECASAS during the corporate restructuring and international launch of GRUPO BANESCO. This case required expertise across several jurisdictions, including Spain, the United States, Panama, the Dominican Republic, and Venezuela;

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• Providing legal advisory and support during the corporate restructuring, expansion, and international launch of GRUPO SSA. This case requires expertise across several jurisdictions, including Spain, the United States, and Venezuela. Providing legal advisory and support to the client, regarding several projects in different jurisdictions in the EU;